Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of E-Waste in a Low-Income Neighbourhood of Lusaka, Zambia

Abstract

Electronic waste (e-waste) is a rapidly growing global challenge, posing significant risks to human health and the environment due to hazardous components. In African cities, effective management is often hampered by poor infrastructure and a lack of awareness, particularly in low-income settlements. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding e-waste among residents of Kalingalinga, a high-density informal settlement in Lusaka, Zambia. A mixed methods approach was employed, combining a questionnaire administered to 122 randomly sampled households with key informant interviews with experts from the Zambia Environmental Management Agency (ZEMA) and a private recycling company. The study utilised descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to evaluate resident behaviours and regulatory perspectives. Findings indicate a critical gap in awareness: while 57% of respondents knew what e-waste was, half could not identify its environmental effects, and 55% were unaware of health risks. Dangerous disposal practices were prevalent, including burning cables, burying waste, and hoarding non-functional devices due to sentimental attachment or hopes of repair. Notably, mobile phones, the most common household electronic item, were frequently not recognised as e-waste. However, a strong willingness to recycle was evident, with 91% of residents willing to sell their e-waste if facilities existed. The study reveals that while residents possess a positive attitude towards recycling, safe management is hindered by insufficient infrastructure and knowledge gaps. Recommendations include establishing local collection centres and enforcing specific e-waste regulations to mitigate health risks in gentrifying urban communities.