Implementation of physiotherapy health education for caregivers and stroke patients
Abstract
Introduction: Globally, stroke stands as a prominent cause of mortality and a significant contributor to disability. The prevalence of stroke is expected to rise by 2030, exposing affected individuals to the risk of secondary complications. Lifestyle choices can further complicate this condition, potentially leading to prolonged hospitalization, substantial medical expenses, the loss of productive working years, and disability. In the context of managing stroke, physiotherapy emerges as a crucial intervention. Notably, the stroke caseload in Zambia has been on the rise (2020), yet there is limited information available on the methodologies employed by physiotherapists for health education at the University Teaching Hospital. This study aims to investigate the delivery of physiotherapy health education to stroke patients and their caretakers at the University Teaching Hospital in 2022. Materials and Methods: Employing a qualitative study design with a case study approach, this research engaged physiotherapists, stroke patients, and caregivers as participants. Data collection involved Focus Group Discussions, and thematic analysis was applied to interpret the gathered information. Ethical clearance was obtained from ERES, the University Teaching Hospital, and the Physiotherapy Department. Results: The study involved a total of 27 participants, comprising 8 physiotherapists, 10 stroke patients, and 9 caregivers. A noteworthy 80% (8 out of 10) of stroke patients received health education, while only 11.1% (1 out of 9) of caregivers received similar education. All physiotherapists (8) uniformly employed a one-on-one approach to deliver health education to both patients and caregivers. Conclusion: The findings reveal that a substantial majority, 80% (8 out of 10), of stroke patients received health education, while a smaller proportion of caregivers (1 out of 9) benefited from such education. The unanimous preference among physiotherapists (8) for the one-on-one method suggests its effectiveness, particularly when integrated into treatment sessions. This approach ensures that education is seamlessly woven into the fabric of ongoing therapeutic interventions.
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