Cytopathology of Extra-genital Transmissible Venereal Tumour in a dog in Lusaka, Zambia
Keywords:
Extra-genital TVT, dog, haemato-biochemistry, cytopathology, diagnosis, Zambia
Abstract
Transmissible Venereal Tumour (TVT) a round cell tumours probably originating from genetic alteration of canine histiocytes is horizontally and sexually transmitted that affects dogs and other canids. There is no published report on extra-genital TVT among dogs in Zambia. The present case reports the cytopathology and haemato-biochemistry of an extra-genital TVT, without primary genital involvement in a 4 year old male dog in Lusaka, Zambia. There were a total of 18 cutaneous immobile nodules ranging in size from 25 to 57 mm on the dorsal and ventral aspect of the body and no ulceration or bleeding was observed. Haemato-biochemstry revealed anaemia, thrombocytopaenia, hyperproteinaemia, increased blood creatinine and urea nitrogen. Based on cytology, TVT of lymphoid sub type was diagnosed ruling out suspicion of cutaneous lymphoma or histiocytoma. Definitive diagnosis was easily based on physical examination and cytological findings of typical of TVT cells in exfoliated cells through FNAC which is rapid, reliable, efficient, cost favourable and more conclusive hastening intervention than waiting for histopathology. Our findings emphasize the need to consider TVT on the list of differential diagnosis for masses in extragenital sites in dogs from geographic regions where TVT is prevalent.References
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2. Cingi C.C., Yeni D., Yazici E., Cine T.A. & Ucar M. Investigation of transmissible venereal tumor in male dogs by cytological examination. Indian Journal of Animal Research. (2020):54(12): 1-5.
3. Saravanan, M., Shafiuzama, M., Ranjithkumar, M., Raj, H.P., Satheskumar, S., & Saahithya, R. Generalized cutaneous and genital form of transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) in a mongrel dog and its therapeutic management. International Journal of Current Research, (2015):7(1), 11586-11589.
4. Sritrakoon, N., Maneesaay, P., Kasorndorkbua, C., Supreeya, S., Charuwan, W., Sunee, K., & Aree, T. Intraocular transmissible venereal tumours in dogs: A retrospective review of 21 cases. Journal of Science & Technology, (2020): 42(3), 608-614.
5. Gupta, K. and Sood, N. K. (2012) Pathological and IHC studies on rare cases of primary extra genital canine .transmissible venereal tumour in the mammary gland. Veterinarni Medicina (2012): 57 (4) 98-206.
6. Dhillon, K.S., Sharma, S., & Arora, M. Primary intranasal transmissible venereal tumour (TVT) in a male Labrador dog and its therapeutic management. Haryana Veterinarian, (2021): 60, 117-119.
7. Florez, M.M., Feo, H., Yamatogi, R., Yamatogi, R.S., Aguiar, A.J., Araújo, J.P., & Rocha, N.S. Cell cycle kinetics, apoptosis rates and gene expressions of MDR-1, TP53, Bcl-2 and BAX in transmissible venereal tumor cells and their association with therapy response. Veterinary Comparative Oncology, (2016): 14, 1-15.
8. Abeka, Y.T. (2019). Review on canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT). Cancer Therapy & Oncology International Journal, (2019): 14(4), 86-94.
9. Pandey, G. S., Sharma R. N., and Chizyuka H. G. B. (1983) Study of neoplasms of dogs in Zambia. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa, (1983): 31:71–75.
10. Chikweto, A., Kumthekar, S. Hugh L, Claude D. , Tiwari K. P., Sharma R. N., Muhammad I. Bhaiyat, M. I. (2013) Genital and Extragenital Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor in Dogs in Grenada, Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, (2013):3: 111-114
11. Kabuusu, R. M., Stroup, D. F., Fernandez. C. R. (2010) Risk factors and characteristics of canine transmissible venereal tumours in Grenada, West Indies. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology. (2010): 8(1):50-55
12. Birhan, G. and Chanie. M. A review on canine transmissible venereal tumour from morphologic to biochemical and molecular diagnosis. Academic Journal of Animal Diseases. 2015; (3):185-195.
13. Behera, S. K., Kurade, N. P., Monsang, S. W., Das, D. P., Mishra, K. K., Mohanta, and R. K. Clinico-pathological findings in a case of canine cutaneous metastatic transmissible venereal tumor. Vet. Arhiv (2012): 82, 401-410,
14. Komnenou, A.T., Thomas, A.L.N., Kyriazis, A.P., Poutahidis, T., & Papazoglou, L.G. Ocular manifestations of canine transmissible venereal tumour: A retrospective study of 25 cases in Greece. Veterinary Record, (2015): 176 (20): 523–525
15. Albanese F, Salerni, F. L., Giordano, S, Marconato, L. (2006) Extragenital transmissible venereal tumour associated with circulating neoplastic cells in an immunologically compromised dog. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology, (200): 4 (1):57-62.
16. Kolawole, B. J., Samuel, U. F., Erin, J. P. and Ifenkwe, D. C. Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour in a four year old bull Mastiff Dog. A case Report. Animal Research International, (2020): 17(2): 3723-3728
17. Jadhao, A., Baba, O.K., Gupta, K. (2022). Cytopathology of Extragenital Transmissible Venereal Tumour in a Dog. Ind J Vet Sci and Biotech, (2022): 18(1), 129-132
18. Pawaiya, R. V. S, Ramkumar, O. Paliwal, O. P., Pawde, A. M., and Ravindran, R. (2006) Evaluation of cell proliferation markers in canine cutaneous histiocytoma and transmissible venereal tumour Indian J. Vet. Pathol. (2006): 30, 49-52.
19. Ganguly, B, Das, U. and Das A. K. (2016). Canine transmissible venereal tumour: A review. Veterinary Comparative Oncology, (2016):14(1): 1-12
20. Das, A. K., Das, U., Das, D. and Sengupta J. (1990). Histopathological study of canine transmissible venereal tumor. Indian Veterinary Journal, (1990): 67(5): 473-474.
21. Scarpelli, K. C., Valladão M. L. and Metze, K. (2010). Predictive factors for the regression of canine transmissible venereal tumor during vincristine therapy. The Veterinary Journal, (2010): 183(3): 362-363.
Published
2023-11-24
How to Cite
1.
Pandey G, Hankanga C, Phiri F, Chipolo M, Mwenda R, Mebelo N. Cytopathology of Extra-genital Transmissible Venereal Tumour in a dog in Lusaka, Zambia. University of Zambia Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences [Internet]. 24Nov.2023 [cited 3May2024];7(1). Available from: https://journals.unza.zm/index.php/JABS/article/view/1093
Section
Veterinary Medicine