Genetic Distance and Gene flow in Two Breeds of Nigerian Indigenous Goats Using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphic Marker
Genetic Distance and Gene Flow in Goats
Keywords:
Genetic Distance, Gene Flow, Allele frequency, Red Sokoto, West Africa Dwarf (WAD) goats.
Abstract
Background and Objective: Due to their hardness in severe weather, capability to yield milk and meat, fast generation times, and goats constitute an indispensable part of rural agricultural systems due to their capacity to withstand the substandard diets that are provided by restricted grazing on marginal soils. Gene flow, genetic distance, genotype frequencies, and alleles were investigated using two native goat breeds from Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Investigational goat populations included Red Sokoto (50) and WAD (45). For each animal, an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) container was filled with approximately 5 milliliters of aseptic blood taken. Polymorphism of restriction fragment length and Agarose gel electrophoresis were carried out after the DNA samples were isolated and purified.Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), gene allele frequency, anticipated and observed heterozygousities (He and Ho, respectively), and populations were compared based on their genetic distances. Results: The degree of genetic diversity was great.According to the findings, Red Sokoto and WAD exhibited the highest genetic similarity (0.9996) and the lowest genetic distance (0.0004) between the two populations. Conclusion: If more animals from different goat breeds are collected, improved genetic research and marker-assisted selections in goat improvement programs would be achievable.References
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2. Adebambo, A.O., O. Adebambo, J.L. Williams, S. Blott and B. Urquart, 2011. Genetic distance between two popular Nigerian goat breeds used for milk production. Livest. Res. Rural Dev., Vol. 23, No. 2.
3. Adebambo, O.A., 2003. Animal breeds: A nation heritage. Agriculture Tropical Journal, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. url: https://funaab.edu.ng/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/Animal%20Breeds:%20A%20Nation's%20Heritage.pdf.
4. Agha, S.H., F. Pilla, S. Galal, I. Shaat and M. D’Andrea et al., 2008. Genetic diversity in Egyptian and Italian goat breeds measured with microsatellite polymorphism. J. Anim. Breed. Genet., 125: 194-200.
5. Ali, B.A., 2003. Genetics similarity among four breeds of sheep in Egypt detected by random amplified polymorphic DNAmarkers. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2: 194-197.
6. Balcioglu, M.S., E. Sahin, K. Karabağ, T. Karslİ, S. Alkan (2010). Determination of DNA fingerprinting of Turkish fat-tailed sheep breeds by RAPD-PCR method. Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi / Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol. 16, No. 1, 55-61.
7. Bayrem Jemmali, Ferchichi Mohamed, Boulbaba Rekik, Ben Gara Aberrahmene, (2018). Effect of leptin genetic polymorphism on lameness prevalence in Tunisian Holstein cows. Arch. Anim. Breed., 61, 305–310, 2018 https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-61-305-2018.
8. Chenyambuga, S.W., O. Hanotte, J. Hirbo, P.C. Watts and S.J. Kemp et al., 2004. Genetic characterization of indigenous goats of Sub-saharan Africa using microsatellite DNA markers. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 17: 445-452.
9. El Hentati, H., M.B. Hamouda and A. Chriki, 2012. Genetic differentiation and gene flow between the Tunisian ovine breeds Barbarine and Western thin tail using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR) analysis. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 11: 16291-16296
10. Esmaeelkhanian, S., A.J. Aliabad and H. Seyedabadi, 2007. Genetic relationships among six Iranian goat populations based on random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 10: 2955-2959.
11. Frankham, R. (1995) Conservation genetics. Annual Review of Genetics, 29, 305-327. Doi:10.1146/-annurev.ge.29.120195.001513.
12. Geng, Y., Z. Yang, H. Chang, Y. Mao, W. Sun, X. Guo and D. Qu, 2008. Genetic differentiation and gene flow among six sheep breeds of Mongolian group in China. Front. Agric. China, 2: 338-342.
13. Halima HM, Neser FWC, De-Kock A, Van MKE(2009). Study on the genetic diversity of native chickens in northwest Ethiopia using microsatellite markers. Afr J Biotechnol.;8:1347–53.
14. Hartl, D.L. and A.G. Clark, 1997. Principles of Population Genetics. 3rd Edn., Sinauer Associates, USA., ISBN-13: 978-0878933068, Pages: 542.
15. Hedrick, P.W., (2013). Adaptive introgression in animals: examples and comparison to new mutation and standing variation as sources of adaptive variation. Mol. Ecol. 22, 4606–4618. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.12415.
16. Joseph E. & David R. (2014). Microsatellite laboratory analysis. Journal of Animal genetics. Issn – 01002456. doi: 10.1186/2179-1791-3-38
17. Kunene, N.W., C.C. Bezuidenhout and I.V. Nsahlai, 2009. Genetic and phenotypic diversity in Zulu sheep populations: Implications for exploitation and conservation. Small Rumin. Res., 84: 100-107.
18. Laval, G., N. Iannuccelli, C. Legault, D. Milan and M.A.M. Groenen et al., 2000. Genetic diversity of eleven European pig breeds. Genet. Selection Evol., 32: 187-203.
19. Lewontin, R., (1972). The Apportionment of Human Diversity. Remapping Race in a Global Context. London: Routledge.
20. Li, L., J. Zhang, J.Q. Zhu, S. Gu and Q. Sun et al., 2006. Genetic diversity of nine populations of the black goat (Capra hircus) in Sichuan, PR China. Zool. Sci., 23: 229-234.
21. Mao, Y., H. Chang, Z. Yang, L. Zhang and M. Xu et al., 2007. Genetic structure and differentiation of three Chinese indigenous cattle populations. Biochem. Genet, 45: 195-209.
22. Maudet, C., C. Miller, B. Bassano, C. Breitenmoser-Wursten and D. Gauthier et al., 2002. Microsatellite DNA and recent statistical methods in wildlife conservation management: Applications in Alpine ibex Capra ibex (ibex). Mol. Ecol., 11: 421-436.
23. Missohou, A., E. Talaki and I.M. Laminou, 2006. Diversity and genetic relationships among seven West African goat breeds. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 19: 1245-1251.
24. Nei, M., 1972. Genetic distance between populations Am. Naturalist, 106: 283-292.
25. Okpeku, M., S.O. Peters, M.O. Ozoje, O.A. Adebambo, B.O. Agaviezor, M.J. O’Neill and I.G. Imumorin, 2011. Preliminary analysis of microsatellite-based genetic diversity of goats in Southern Nigeria. Anim. Genet. Resour., 49: 33-41.
26. Oladepo, A. O, Salako,A.E, Adeoye, A. A, Adeniyi, O. A, Studies of Genetic Distance, Gene and Genotype Frequencies of Hemoglobin Types of West African Dwarf and Yankassa Sheep. Nigerian J. Anim. S ci. 2020 22(1): 68- 73.
27. Omotoso, O. A., Olowofeso, O., Wheto, M., Sogunle, O.M., Olufowobi, O. T. and Tor, E.T.N. (2019). Genetic variation amongst four rabbit populations in Nigeria using microsatellite marker. Nigeria Journal of Animal Science
28. Toro, M. and A. Maki-Tanila, 2007. Genomics Reveals Domestication History and Facilitates Breed Development. In: Utilization and Conservation of Farm Animal Genetic Resources,
29. Saitbekova, N., Gaillard, C., Obexer-Ruff, G., Dolf G., (1999). Genetic diversity in Swiss goat breeds based on microsatellite analysis. Journal of Animal Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2052.1999.00429.x
30. Wright, S., 1931. Evolution in Mendelian populations. Genetics, 16: 97-159.
31. Xiang, C., Z. Yun, L. Zheng-Lu, Z. Yong and L. Guo-Hong et al . 2007. RAPD analysis of the genetic structure of Qianbei-Pockmarked goat population. J. Southwest Univ. (Nat. Sci. Edn.), 2: 36-44.
Published
2024-06-04
How to Cite
1.
Tella A. Genetic Distance and Gene flow in Two Breeds of Nigerian Indigenous Goats Using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphic Marker. Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences [Internet]. 4Jun.2024 [cited 6Oct.2024];7(3). Available from: https://journals.unza.zm/index.php/JABS/article/view/1200
Section
Veterinary Medicine