Antimicrobial, Physicochemical, Proximate and Heavy Metal Profiles of Selected Honey Samples from two Southwestern States in Nigeria
Keywords:
Antibacterial Activities, Heavy Metal, Honey, Physicochemical Analysis, Proximate Composition
Abstract
Honey consists of a variety of sugars, minerals, vitamins, enzymes, proteins, phenolic mixtures, and organic components, which define if it is genuine or contaminated. As a result, this work was undertaken to examine the nutritional and heavy metal properties of honeys sold in two Nigerian states in the South west. Samples of honey were taken from twenty hives in two southwestern states and tested for antimicrobial, physicochemical, proximate, and heavy metal characteristics using standard recommended procedures, while heavy metals were detected with an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Zones of inhibition at 100% w/v for the test organisms are 10 – 28 mm for E. coli, 13 – 26 mm for Salmonella, 17 – 27 mm for Staphylococcus aureus, and 11 – 25 mm for Klebsiella with S. aureus being more sensitive to the honey samples. The range of pH for physicochemical is 2.51 – 3.87, Total Titratable Acidity 0.07 – 0.53 %, Acidity 1.20 – 6.77%, and the ranges for proximate analyses are 1.09 – 1.59% protein, 7.10 – 11.37% moisture, 0.33 – 0.63% Ash, 0.20 – 0.30% fat, 83.71 – 91.11% carbohydrate, and 342.95 – 371.20 kcal/g energy. There was a significant correlation recorded between protein, moisture, ash, fat, carbohydrate, and energy contents of the honey samples. All the honey samples were negative for lead, chromium, and cadmium. Copper was the only metal found, having concentration ranges of 5.0 to 25.0 mg/kg. Because the majority of the samples fulfilled the Codex Alimentarius Standard for honey, they can be taken or used therapeuticallyReferences
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27. Odeyemi AT, Adefemi SO and Adebayo AA 2013 Antimicrobial and Proximate Properties of some processed Honey in Ado-Ekiti. International. Journal of Aquatic Science 4(1): 36-43.
28. Omafuvbe BO, Akanbi OO 2009 Microbiology and physico-chemical properties of some commercial Nigerian honey. African Journal of Microbiology Research 3(12): 891-896.
29. Osuagwu OS, Oyerinde AA, Onipede AS and Ombugadu A 2020 Comparative Studies of the Physicochemical Properties and Mineral Elements of Honey Produced in the Guinea savannah Zones of Nigeria. Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research 24(5): 18548-18561. https://doi.org/10.26717/bjstr.2020.24.004105
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31. Prica N, Zivkov-Balos M, Jaksic S, Mihaljev Z, Ljubojevic D, Vidic B and Savic S 2015 Physicochemical Analysis as an Indicator of the Quality of Honey Originating from Vojvodina Region. First International Symposium of Veterinary Medicine 178 – 182. Pohl P 2009 Determination of mineral content in honey by atomic absorption and emission spectrometric. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 28(1): 117-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2008.09.015
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33. Rissato SR, Galhiane MS, de Almeida MV, Gerenotti M and Apron BM 2007 Multiresidue Determination of Pesticides in Honey Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Application in Environmental Contamination. Food Chemistry, 101: 1719-1726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.10.034
34. Rodriguez GOde, Ferrer BSde, Ferrer and Rodriguez B 2004 Characterization of honey produced in Venezuelan. Food Chemistry 84(4): 449-502. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00517-4
35. Valgas C, de Souza SM, Smania EFA and Smania (Jr.) A 2007 Screening methods to determine antibacterial activity of natural products. Braz. J. Microbiol. 38 (2): 369-380. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822007000200034
2. Adenekan MO, Amusa NA, Lawal AO and Okpeze VE 2010 Physico-chemical and microbiological properties of honey samples obtained from Ibadan. Scientific Journal of food Science and Nutrition, 2:104.
3. Adeniyi KA, Daudu OAY, Abubakar A, Ismail AD, Busari MB, Abdulsalami H and Oyibo-Usman KA 2014 Comparative analysis of the proximate and nutritional compositions of Nigerian bitter and sweet honey from Apis mellifera. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 4 (11): 1-4.
4. Akharaiyi FC and Lawal HA 2016 Physicochemical analysis and mineral contents of honey from farmers in Western States of Nigeria. Journal of Natural Sciences Research 6(19):78-84.
5. AOAC 2005 Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC. 18th Edition. Association of Analytical Chemists, Washington DC., USA.
6. Azowande FE, Paraiso A, Dossa CPA, Dougnon VT, N’tcha C, Mousse W and Baba-Moussa L 2018 Physicochemical characteristics and microbiological quality of honey produced in Benin. Journal of Food Quality 2018: 13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1896057
7. Badawy OFH, Shafii SSA, Tharwatt EE and Kamal AM 2004 Antibacterial activity of bee honey and is therapeutic usefulness against Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium infection. Rev. Sci. Technol. Int., Epiz 23:10111-10122. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.23.3.1543
8. Barganska Z, Slebioda M and Namiesnik J 2014 Pesticides Residues Level in Honey from Apiaries Located off Northern Poland. Food Control, 31: 196-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.09.049
9. Bogdanov S, Haldimann M, Luginbühl W and Gallmann P 2007 Minerals in honey: environmental, geographical and botanical aspects. Journal of Apicultural Research and Bee World 46 (4): 269–275. https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2007.11101407
10. Bouhlali EDT, Bammou M, Sellam K, El Midaoui A, Bourkhis B, Ennassir J, Alem C and Filali-Zegzouti Y 2019 Physicochemical properties of eleven monofloral honey samples produced in Morocco. Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 26(1): 476-487. https://doi.org/10.1080/25765299.2019.1687119
11. Cantarelli MA, Pellerano RG, Marchevsky EJ and Camiña JM 2008 Quality of honey from Argentina: study of chemical composition and trace elements. The Journal of the Argentine Chemical Society, 96 (1-2): 33-41.
12. Charrondiere UR, Chevassus-Agnes S, Marroni S and Burlingame B 2004 Impact of different macronutrient definitions and energy conversion factors on energy supply estimations. J. Food Compos. Anal. 17(3-4): 339-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2004.03.011
13. Chua LS and Adnan NA 2014 Biochemical and Nutritional Components of Selected Honey Samples. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria 13(2): 169-179. https://doi.org/10.17306/j.afs.2014.2.6
14. Codex Alimentarius 2001 Revised Standard for Honey. Allinorm 25: 19-26.
15. Datti Y, Ahmad UU and Hafsat N 2020 Comparative Analysis of the Mineral Compositions of Honey Samples Collected from the Three Senatorial Districts of Kano State, Nigeria. FUDMA Journal of Sciences (FJS), 4(3):170–177. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0403-267
16. Franchini RA, Ferraz de Souza A, Colombara C, Matos R and Matos RC 2007 Rapid determination of hydrogen peroxide using peroxidase immobilized on Amberlite IRA-743 and minerals in honey. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 55(17): 6885 – 6890. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf071062c
17. Fredes C and Montenegro G 2006 Heavy metal and other Trace elements in Honey Bee in Chile. Cien. Inv. Agric., 33:50-58. https://doi.org/10.7764/rcia.v33l1.328
18. Institute of Medicine 2001 Panel on Micronutrients. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Valadium, and Zinc. National Academic Press, Washington, DC. 12, Zinc. Jacobs BM 1999 The Chemical Analysis of Food and Food Products. 3rd ed. CBS Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, India.
19. Kambai C, Popoola V, Ugbe CJ, Janfa N and Ukanyirioha C 2015 Proximate and Mineral Elements Composition of Honey from Selected Hives in Jos Metropolis, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, 9 (9): 94-98. https://doi.org/10.9790/2402- 09919498
20. Laaroussi H, Bouddine T, Bakour M, Ousaaid D and Lyoussi, B 2020 Physicochemical properties, Mineral content, Antioxidant activities and Microbiological quality of Bupleurum spinosum Gouan honey from the Middle Atlas in Morocco. Journal of Food Quality 2020:12 pages. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7609454
21. Laleh M, Mohsen E and Ali H 2013 Evaluation of some Physicochemical and Rheological Properties of Iranian Honeys and the Effect of Temperature on its Viscosity. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 13(6):807-819. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2013.13.06.1971
22. Mahmoudi R, Zare P, Tajik H, Shadfar S and Nyiazpour F 2012 Biochemical Properties and Microbial Analysis of Honey from North-Western Regions of Iran: Seasonal Effects on Physicochemical Properties of Honey. African Journal of Biotechnology 11(44): 10227-10231. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb12.371
23. Malika N, Mohammed F and Chakib E 2005 Microbiological and Physio-chemical properties of Moroccan honey. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 7(5):773-776.
24. Ndife J, Kida F and Makarfi T 2014a Quality assessment of Nigerian honeys sourced from different floral locations. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2 (4), 162-167. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.20
25. Ndife J, Abioye L and Dandago M 2014b Quality Assessment of Nigerian Honey sourced from different floral locations. Nigerian Food Journal 32(2): 48-55. https://doi.org/S0189-7241(15)30117-X
26. Nemo R and Bacha K 2021 Microbial quality, physicochemical characteristics, proximate analysis, and antimicrobial activities of honey from Anfilo district. Food Bioscience 42: 101132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101132
27. Odeyemi AT, Adefemi SO and Adebayo AA 2013 Antimicrobial and Proximate Properties of some processed Honey in Ado-Ekiti. International. Journal of Aquatic Science 4(1): 36-43.
28. Omafuvbe BO, Akanbi OO 2009 Microbiology and physico-chemical properties of some commercial Nigerian honey. African Journal of Microbiology Research 3(12): 891-896.
29. Osuagwu OS, Oyerinde AA, Onipede AS and Ombugadu A 2020 Comparative Studies of the Physicochemical Properties and Mineral Elements of Honey Produced in the Guinea savannah Zones of Nigeria. Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research 24(5): 18548-18561. https://doi.org/10.26717/bjstr.2020.24.004105
30. Oyeyemi SD, Kayode J and Owolabi MO 2015 Comparative Nutritional Studies on Honey Samples in Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Donnish Journal of Medicinal Plant Research 2(2): 016 -020.
31. Prica N, Zivkov-Balos M, Jaksic S, Mihaljev Z, Ljubojevic D, Vidic B and Savic S 2015 Physicochemical Analysis as an Indicator of the Quality of Honey Originating from Vojvodina Region. First International Symposium of Veterinary Medicine 178 – 182. Pohl P 2009 Determination of mineral content in honey by atomic absorption and emission spectrometric. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 28(1): 117-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2008.09.015
32. Rao PV, Krishnan, KT, Salleh N and Gan SH 2016 Biological and therapeutic effects of honey produced by honey bees and stingless bees: A comparative review. Rev. Brasil. Farmacog., 26: 657-664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2016.01.012
33. Rissato SR, Galhiane MS, de Almeida MV, Gerenotti M and Apron BM 2007 Multiresidue Determination of Pesticides in Honey Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Application in Environmental Contamination. Food Chemistry, 101: 1719-1726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.10.034
34. Rodriguez GOde, Ferrer BSde, Ferrer and Rodriguez B 2004 Characterization of honey produced in Venezuelan. Food Chemistry 84(4): 449-502. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00517-4
35. Valgas C, de Souza SM, Smania EFA and Smania (Jr.) A 2007 Screening methods to determine antibacterial activity of natural products. Braz. J. Microbiol. 38 (2): 369-380. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822007000200034
Published
2024-06-04
How to Cite
1.
Adesetan T, Lawal O, Oyeyipo F, Popoola O, Orisasami O, Oyekan B. Antimicrobial, Physicochemical, Proximate and Heavy Metal Profiles of Selected Honey Samples from two Southwestern States in Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences [Internet]. 4Jun.2024 [cited 31Jul.2025];7(3). Available from: https://journals.unza.zm/index.php/JABS/article/view/1215
Section
Biomedical Sciences
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