Gastro-intestinal parasites of Capra hircus slaughtered in parts of Ijebu Ogun State, Nigeria.
Endoparasites of goats slaughtered in abattoirs Ogun State
Keywords:
Abattoirs, Domestic goats, Gastrointestinal, Nigeria, Ogun State, Parasites
Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence and species diversity of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in domestic goats (Capra hircus) slaughtered at two (2) major abattoirs in Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria. Out of 104 faecal samples subjected to the sedimentation technique in the Zoology Laboratory, an overall GI parasite prevalence of 78.8% was detected. Ten parasite species were identified, namely Bunostoma spp., Capillaria spp., Coccidia spp., Fasciola hepatica, Haemochus contortus, Moneiza spp., Nematodirus, Taenia hydatigena, Trichuris ovis and Strongyloides spp. with Coccidia spp. and Trichuris ovis being the most common (10.2% each), followed by Fasciola hepatica (7.3%). The abattoir located at Imowo-Eleran had the most prevalence with 70.2%. The There was no significant relationship with p>0.05 between the parasites found in the faecal samples collected and demographic factors (age or sex). Mono-infections predominated (40.4%), but double and triple infections were also observed, indicating polyparasitism. The findings highlight significant health on goat productivity due to parasitism. Poor abattoir hygiene and management practices could likely contribute to the infection rates at the two abattoirs. This study underscores the need for improved parasite control strategies and better sanitary conditions in abattoirs to reduce GI parasite burdens in Nigerian domestic goats.References
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27. Eke SS, Omalu ICJ, Ochaguba JE, Urama AC, Hassan SC, Otuu CA, Okafor ID. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of sheep and goats slaughtered in Minna Modern Abattoir, Niger State, Nigeria. Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine. 2019; 4(2): 65–70. https://doi.org/10.31248/jasvm2019.131.
28. Owhoeli O, Elele K, Gboeloh LB. Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in exotic and indigenous goats slaughtered in selected abattoirs in Port Harcourt, South-South, Nigeria. Chinese Journal of Biology. 2014; 435913: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/435913.
29. Ghimire TR, Bhattarai N. A survey of gastrointestinal parasites of goats in a goat market in Kathmandu, Nepal. Journal of Parasitic Diseases. 2019; 43(4): 686–695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-019-01148-w.
30. Bhowmi̇k M, Hossen MA, Mamun MA, Hasib F, Poddar S, Hossai̇n MA, Alim MA. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in sheep and goats of Sandwip Island, Chattogram, Bangladesh. Van Veterinary Journal. 2020; 31(3): 152–157. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.821083.
31. Mpofu TJ, Nephawe KA, Mtileni B. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in communal goats from different agro-ecological zones of South Africa. Veterinary World. 2020; 13, 1:26–32. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.26-32.
32. Bangoura B, Bardsley KD. Ruminant coccidiosis. Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice. 2020; 36(1): 187–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2019.12.006.
33. Jones KR. Trichuriasis in selected deer (Cervidae) species: a geographical perspective. Ruminants. 2021; 1(2): 178–190. https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants1020013.
34. Pilarczyk B, Tomza-Marciniak A, Pilarczyk R, Bombik E, Seremak B, Udała J, Sadowska N. A Comparison of the prevalence of the parasites of the digestive tract in goats from organic and conventional farms. Animals. 2021; 11: 9:2581. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11092581.
35. Piratheepan S. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infestation and effect of anthelminthic treatment among indigenous goats of Sri lanka. Veterinary Practitioner. 2024; 25(2): 205.
36. Ali EA, Abbas G, Beveridge I, Baxendell S, Squire B, Stevenson MA. et al. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of Australian dairy goat farmers towards the control of gastrointestinal parasites. Parasites & Vectors. 2025; 18(1): 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06650-6.
2. Food and Agriculture Organization. The future of livestock in Nigeria. Opportunities and challenges in the face of uncertainty. Rome. 2019. 60p.
3. Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. Nigeria Livestock Roadmap for Productivity Improvement and Resilience 2020 – 2026. 2020
4. Akeju AV, Olusi TA, Adediran MB, Alli HA. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasite in four goat breeds slaughtered in two major abattoirs in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Research in Animal and Veterinary Sciences. 2024; 7(1): 9–16. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajravs/2024/v7i1280.
5. Matsepe LG, Molapo S, Phalatsi M, Phororo M. Prevalence and fecal egg load of gastrointestinal parasites of Angora goats in four agro-ecological zones in Lesotho. Veterinary World. 2021; 14(2): 339–346. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.339-346.
6. Rufino-Moya PJ, Leva RZ, Reis LG, García IA, Di Genova DR, Gómez AS, García FG, Martínez-Moreno FJ. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in small ruminant farms in southern Spain. Animals (Basel). 2024; 14(11): 1668. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14111668.
7. Mpofu TJ, Nephawe KA, Mtileni B. Prevalence and resistance to gastrointestinal parasites in goats: A review. Veterinary World. 2022; 15(10): 2442–2452. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.2442-2452.
8. Tumusiime M, Ndayisenga F, Ntampaka P. Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes, cestodes and protozoans of goats in Nyagatare District, Rwanda. Veterinary Medicine (Auckland, New Zealand). 2022; 13: 339–349. https://doi.org/10.2147/VMRR.S389336.
9. Cai W, Cheng C, Feng Q, Ma Y, Hua E, Jiang S, Hou Z, et al. Prevalence and risk factors associated with gastrointestinal parasites in goats (Capra hircus) and sheep (Ovis aries) from three provinces of China. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2023; 14: 1287835. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1287835.
10. Ruhoollah N, Khan W, Al-Jabr OA, Khan T, Khan A, El-Ghareeb WR, Aguilar-Marcelino, L, et al. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasite in small ruminants of District Dir Upper Khyber Pahtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. Brazilian Journal of Biology. 2021; 83(e249125): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.248978.
11. Das M, Laha R, Goswami A, Sen A. Gastrointestinal parasitism of goats in hilly region of Meghalaya, India. Veterinary World. 2017; 10(1): 81–85. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2017.81-85.
12. Sebro E, Kebamo M, Abebe, A. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of sheep and goats in An- Lemo, Hadiya zone southern Ethiopia. Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 2022; 15(22): 1084–1090. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v15i22.1384.
13. Charlier J, Van Der Voort M, Kenyon F, Skuce P, Vercruysse J. Chasing helminths and their economic impact on farmed ruminants. Trends in Parasitology. 2014; 30(7): 361–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2014.04.009.
14. Ikpe RT, Agbendeh NL, Akinsuyi OS. Prevalence study of zoonotic gastrointestinal parasitic infections in goats in Makurdi Metropolis, Nigeria. 2022; Journal of Zoonotic Diseases. 6(1): 11–16. https://doi.org/10.22034/jzd.2022.14488.
15. Hatam-Nahavandi K, Carmena D, Rezaeian M, Mirjalali H, Rahimi HM, Badri M, Eslahi AV, et al. Gastrointestinal parasites of domestic mammalian hosts in southeastern Iran. Veterinary Sciences. 2023; 10: 4:261. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10040261.
16. Adejinmi OO, Adejinmi JO, Falohun OO, Aderoju OR, Dauda WJ. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of goats in Ibadan, Southwest, Nigeria. World Journal of Agricultural Research. 2015; 3(2): 49–51. https://doi.org/10.12691/wjar-3-2-2.
17. Paul BT, Jesse FFA, Chung ELT, Che’Amat A, Mohd Lila MA. Risk factors and severity of gastrointestinal parasites in selected small ruminants from Malaysia. Veterinary Sciences. 2020; 7(4): 208. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7040208.
18. Moiloa MJ, Phoofolo M, Matebesi-Ranthimo P, Molapo S, Phalatsi M, Mahlehla M. Angora goat gastrointestinal parasite knowledge and control practices among Lesotho farming communities. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 2020; 52(6): 3077–3083. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-020-02329-z.
19. Martínez-Valladares M, Geurden T, Bartram DJ, Martínez-Pérez JM, Robles-Pérez D, Bohórquez A, Florez E et al. Resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes to the most commonly used anthelmintics in sheep, cattle and horses in Spain. Veterinary Parasitology. 2015; 211(3-4): 228–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.05.024.
20. Oduyiga OO, Oduyiga OD. Groundwater quality assessment in a major livestock feedlot/abattoir (Imowo-eleran) in Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. 2014; 4(6): 243 – 258.
21. Otto E. Evaluation of abattoir practices in Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria. International Journal of Advances in Life Science and Technology. 2022; 6(1): 12 -23.
22. Mogaji HO, Akinwale PI, Adekunle ON, Ajayi OA, Odoh IM, Ekpo UF. Gastrointestinal parasites of domesticated pets and livestock in Idofin Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria. FUOYE Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 2021; 6(1): 1-9.
23. Soulsby EJ. 1982. Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals, 7th Edition, Balliere, Tindall and Cassel, London, 809p.
24. Gofwan PG, Machido H, Dastu AJ, Yibis GG. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasite in sheep and goat in Shendam town of Plateau State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology. 2021; 4(4): 30–34.
25. Ogudo US, Oluwole AS, Mogaji HO, Adeniran AA., Alabi OM, Ekpo UF. Gastrointestinal helminth infections in a ruminant livestock farm in Abeokuta, southwestern Nigeria. Annual Research & Review in Biology. 2015; 8(4): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2015/18812.
26. Ajakaye OG, Ajakaye A. Gastrointestinal parasitic infections of ruminants in pastoral communities of Ondo State, Nigeria. World’s Veterinary Journal. 2024; 14(4): 536–543. https://doi.org/10.54203/scil.2024.wvj61.
27. Eke SS, Omalu ICJ, Ochaguba JE, Urama AC, Hassan SC, Otuu CA, Okafor ID. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of sheep and goats slaughtered in Minna Modern Abattoir, Niger State, Nigeria. Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine. 2019; 4(2): 65–70. https://doi.org/10.31248/jasvm2019.131.
28. Owhoeli O, Elele K, Gboeloh LB. Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in exotic and indigenous goats slaughtered in selected abattoirs in Port Harcourt, South-South, Nigeria. Chinese Journal of Biology. 2014; 435913: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/435913.
29. Ghimire TR, Bhattarai N. A survey of gastrointestinal parasites of goats in a goat market in Kathmandu, Nepal. Journal of Parasitic Diseases. 2019; 43(4): 686–695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-019-01148-w.
30. Bhowmi̇k M, Hossen MA, Mamun MA, Hasib F, Poddar S, Hossai̇n MA, Alim MA. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in sheep and goats of Sandwip Island, Chattogram, Bangladesh. Van Veterinary Journal. 2020; 31(3): 152–157. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.821083.
31. Mpofu TJ, Nephawe KA, Mtileni B. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in communal goats from different agro-ecological zones of South Africa. Veterinary World. 2020; 13, 1:26–32. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.26-32.
32. Bangoura B, Bardsley KD. Ruminant coccidiosis. Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice. 2020; 36(1): 187–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2019.12.006.
33. Jones KR. Trichuriasis in selected deer (Cervidae) species: a geographical perspective. Ruminants. 2021; 1(2): 178–190. https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants1020013.
34. Pilarczyk B, Tomza-Marciniak A, Pilarczyk R, Bombik E, Seremak B, Udała J, Sadowska N. A Comparison of the prevalence of the parasites of the digestive tract in goats from organic and conventional farms. Animals. 2021; 11: 9:2581. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11092581.
35. Piratheepan S. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infestation and effect of anthelminthic treatment among indigenous goats of Sri lanka. Veterinary Practitioner. 2024; 25(2): 205.
36. Ali EA, Abbas G, Beveridge I, Baxendell S, Squire B, Stevenson MA. et al. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of Australian dairy goat farmers towards the control of gastrointestinal parasites. Parasites & Vectors. 2025; 18(1): 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06650-6.
Published
2025-09-23
How to Cite
1.
Adekunle O, Akindele B, Mogaji H, Aladejana A, Umunnakwe C, Agbolade O. Gastro-intestinal parasites of Capra hircus slaughtered in parts of Ijebu Ogun State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences [Internet]. 23Sep.2025 [cited 3Oct.2025];9(3). Available from: https://journals.unza.zm/index.php/JABS/article/view/1498
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